Tile, quarry, or brick.



J. KERTBS.

TILE, QUARRY, 0R BRICK.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 16,1911.

1,058,674. Patented Apr. 8, 1913.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. JOHN KEBTE S, OF PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA.

mn', QUARRY, on. mucx.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 16, 1911. Serial no. 649,773.

Patented Apr. 8, 1913.

enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying draw- The inventioncomprises the construction.

and arrangement of parts'hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings Figure 1 represents a perspective View of a buildingbrick constructed according to my invention; Fig. 2

represents a perspective elevation of a sec tion of wall laid with suchbrick, the mortar being omitted; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of aquarry or tile constructed according to my invention; Fig. 4: is anelevation of the same; Fig. 5 is a plan view of the underside of such aquarry or tile; Fig. 6 is a plan view of a number of the quarries ortiles shown in F1g.'3 as the same appear whenlaid in position; and Fig.7 is a similar viewv showin a modified form of tile or quarry.

The usual form of bililding brick and preferably is made of standarddimensions, and is provided with top and bottom faces 2, opposite sidefaces 3 and side or end faces 4. The, brick shown is provided withsuitable means for spacing it above other brick upon which it is laidand from adjacent brick in the same horizontal row. As shown, the brick1 is provided with one or more ribs or projectlons 5 upon one of itsflat top or bottom faces 2,1 four being shown in the embodiment-illusick 1 shown in Fig. 1, is of the trated. The ribs 5 are triangularin cross section and merge into a comparatively sharp ridge or edge 6extending transversely of the direction of the length of the brick.These rlbs or projections 5- are formed in pairs as shown, two thereofbeing in vline wlth each other, and if desired they may be formedcontinuous, or as one. One side or end face 4 of the brick is providedwith similar ribs or projections 7 which extend across the end face andfrom the top to the bottom of the brick. Preferabl these ribs orrojections 7 are spaced diifzrent distances om the joining edges 8between the end and other side faces. of the brick; In. other words, oneof the ribs is farther from its nearest edge than the other, for apurpose to be described.

The brick shown in Fig. if is used in the manner shown in Fig. 2. Abottom or foundation row 9 of the brick having been laid, a layer ofmortar or cement (not shown) is spread upon the u per face of the row 9.

This layer is pre erably made somewhat,

thicker than the depth of the ribs or projections 5. A row 11 .of bricks1 is then laid upon the row 9. These bricks are laid successively end toend. and each in turn is pressed downwardly into the layer of mortar insuch manner that the edges 6 of the ribs 5 cut their way through themortar and enable the brick to be forced into direct and firm contactwith the adjacent brick of the lower row 9.

' As shown in Fig. 1, one end face 4 of each of the brick is flat andnot provided with projections or ribs. The brick are laid successivelywith the end ribs 7 of one brick resting against the flat end face 5 ofthe next brick. By reason of the construction described, successive rowsof bricklaid upon each other are separated by regular spaces precludesthe possibility of settlin of the wall after the same has been laid beore drying or hardening of the cement or mortar.

Furthermore the distance between rows and between bricks is exactlyregulated by the brick themselves and less skilled labor is, therefore,required to lay them.

By reason of the fact that the rlbs 7 are formed only upon one end faceof the brick, and are spaced different distances from the edges 8, it ispossible to build a wall finished at both ends with a single style ofbrick. For example, if the section of wall shown in Fig. 2 is built fromleft to right with the bricks arranged to break joints, the last brick12 at the right may be reversed in position, when the projections 7 onthe buck -12 and 13 will overlap each other by reason of their unequalspacing, as stated.

Fig. 3 illustrates a tile or'quarry constructed according to myinvention. This is.

formed as a comparatively thin rectangular slab of material formed withprojections or ribs 14 upon two of itsnarrow side or edge faces 15. 1Preferably, the bottom face of the tile 14 is formed 'with'a number ofcomparatively shallow projections 17 to enable the tiles or quarries tobe stacked upon each other during burning thereof, and the hot air orgases to penetrate through the stack and complete the burning in lesstime and more uniformly. The tiles or quarries shown in Fig. 3 may be ofany dimension, either in length or breadth, and a e laid in a wall orfloor as shown in Fig. The ribs or projections 14 may be formed eitherwith sharp edges or with flat end faces 19, as shown, to provide firmbearing between adjacent tiles or quarries. Preferably, a plurality ofthe ribs or projections are formed on a single side face to preventwabblin of the tile when held in contact with each otlier If preferred,my invention may be applied to other forms or shapes of tiles orquarries than that shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 7 illustrates theapplication of my invention to hexagonal tilesor quarries 20. These areformed with one or more ribs or projections 21 upon one of their sidefaces 22-and, upon each of the side faces 23 adjacent to the face 22,with a single rib or projection 21. The tiles or quarries so formed arelaid as shown in Fig. 7, with the ribs or projections 21 spacingadjacent tiles or quarries from each other by definite distancesregulated by the length or depth of the ribs of the tiles or quarriesused. By providing a plurality of ribs 21 upon one face of each'of thehexagona'l tiles shown, all wabbling or displacement of-the tiles orquarries in their bed of mortar or cement is prevented afterthe lay: ingof the tiles therein. This result follows from the arrangement shown inFig. 7 in which any articular tile, as for example, that lettere A, isspaced from the next tile B, in one direction, by the ribs 21 upon thetile A, and from the next adjacent tile C, in the opposite direction, bythe ribs 21 upon tile C. The ribs 21. upon the tiles or quarries 20 mayobviously be either of the form of the ribs 5 shown in Fig. 1 or of theribs or projections 14 illustrated in Fig. 3.

Walls or floors constructed with the improved bricks, tiles or quarriesillustrated,

are much stronger than those formed with ordinary bricks, tiles orquarries since slipping of one upon another is practically impossible.In the wall shown in Fig. 2, the ribs 7 prevent horizontal movement ofthe bricks sidewise from the wall while the ribs 5 prevent endwisemovement of one row upon the next. The brick is, therefore, self tyingor binding and if properly pressed down into the cement or mortar untilthe ribs or projections reach full bearing upon adjacent brick, does noteasily become displaced from-position. It will further be ob-' servedthat the ribs or projections 5 are spaced inwardly from the side facesof the brick. Therefore, when the brick are laid in a wall and arebedded in cement or mortar,

-the latter covers up the ends of the ribs. 5

and hides them from view onthe outside of the wall. A wall soconstructed, therefore, presents a finished appearance.

The tiles or quarries shown in Figs. 6 and 7 may be laid in the mannerindicated, either in a floor or wall. If laid in the form of a wall,each tile or quarry isexactly spaced from every other tile or quarry andcannot wabble or assume an improper position in the wall. During layingthereof, it will also be observed, as indicated in Fig. 3, that theprojections 14 are spaced from the flat faces 24 of the tile or quarry.When these tiles or quarries are laid in position, the ribs orprojections 14 and 21 are, therefore, hidden or concealed by thecementor mortar holding them in place. The bricks having these ribs orprojections do not, therefore, detract from the appearance of thefinished wall or floor, as will be observed: Furthermore, the ribs orprojections 14 and 21 make the tiles or quarriesself tying or binding inthe same manner as the form of brick illustrated in Fig. 1.

What I claim is:

1. A brick provided with top, bottom, end and side faces, said bottomface being provided with a plurality of ribs extending in a directionfrom side to side of the brick, one of said end faces being providedwith a plurality of ribs extending from top to bottom of the brick, saidend ribs being spaced at different distances from the side faces of saidbrick.

2. A wall composed wholly 'of similar bricks, each brick having top,bottom, end

and side faces, the bottom face being providedwith a plurality of ribsextending in a direction from side to side of the brick, one of said endfaces being provided with a plurality of ribs extending from top tobottom of the brick, said end ribs being spaced dif- In testimonywhereof I aflix my signature ferent distances from the side faces ofsaid in presence of two'witnesses. 10 brick, said bricks being placedend to end in Pittsburgh, Pa. U. S. A. 4 Septemben1911; said wall withthe end ribs spacing adjacent bricks apart endwise, and the end bricksin JOHN KERTES' the wall being reversed in position with- Witnesses:

their end ribs overlapping the ribs on the T. F. OTooLn,

ends of the next adjacent bricks. Dnsmnnws Tom.

